Education:

1959-1963 - Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. Faculty of Law.

1980-1982 - Institute of State and Law of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. PhD.

Advanced Training Courses:

1994 - Institute of International and Comparative Law. Problems of Constitutional Law. London, United Kingdom.

1991 - Institute for International Qualifications. International human rights guarantees. Syracuse, Italy.

1995 - Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Criminal Law. Comparative and International Criminal Law. Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.

1993 - Academy of European Law. European law. Trier, Federal Republic of Germany.

Work Experience:

1999-2009 - European Court of Human Rights. Judge.

1990-1999 - Supreme Court of Georgia. Chairperson, Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia, MP.

1982-1985 - Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR. First Deputy Head of the Department of Science and Education

Academic Activities:

2011-present - Caucasus International University. Professor, Head of Doctoral Program.

2011-2020 - St. Andrew Georgian University of the Georgian Patriarchate. Professor.

1987 -1990 - Newspaper New Georgia. Editor-in-Chief.

1985-1987 - Georgian Polytechnical Institute. Vice Rector.